Jurnal Aplikasi Akuntansi

BUILDING HIGH-QUALITY LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: UNRAVELING THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

2025-06-03T05:40:06+00:00

The low quality of Local Government Financial Statement (LKPD) may lead to false decision-making that declines public trust. This research examines the effect of the Government Internal Control System (SPIP) on the LKPD quality involving organizational commitment as a moderating variable. The study was conducted in Bulungan Regency, with a sample consisting of financial department employees. This study applies a quantitative approach and utilizes SPSS software for hypothesis testing. The study's results prove that SPIP positively influences the quality of LKPD, while organizational commitment does not moderate the correlation between SPIP and LKPD. Although various studies have examined similar topics, the findings remain inconsistent. The absence of similar research in Bulungan Regency positions this study to provide a new perspective and serve as a valuable reference for other regions with comparable characteristics. In addition, this study aims to enrich the relevance of agency theory in the public sector and serve as a basis for optimizing LKPD quality by reinforcing the effective implementation of each SPIP component.

THE INFLUENCE OF SKEPTICISM, AUDITOR EXPERIENCE, AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS ON FRAUD DETECTION

2025-05-21T05:35:32+00:00

This study examines the effect of skepticism, auditor experience, and professional ethics on fraud detection. The variables used are skepticism, auditor experience, and professional ethics as independent variables, and fraud detection as the dependent variable. This study uses primary data from a questionnaire submitted by distributing questionnaire links to auditors. The sample was 112 auditors who worked at the Public Accounting Firm in South Jakarta—data processing and analysis methods using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of this study indicate that skepticism and professional ethics have a positive and significant effect on fraud detection, while auditor experience does not affect fraud detection. This shows that auditors who have skepticism and apply professional ethics when carrying out their duties can detect fraud. This research implies that increasing auditor skepticism, experience, and ethics needs to be a focus in recruitment, training, and higher education curriculum to increase the effectiveness of fraud detection.

BIBLIOMETRIC INSIGHTS INTO EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: TRENDS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

2025-07-05T00:47:08+00:00

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of earnings management research over 1994–2024, exploring trends, key contributors, and future directions. Using Scopus as the primary database, 1,481 studies were analyzed through VOSviewer and Biblioshiny R to map collaborations, co-citation networks, and thematic evolutions. The findings reveal a 17.79% annual growth rate, with central themes such as corporate governance, discretionary accruals, and audit quality remaining pivotal. Emerging topics, including ESG integration, gender diversity, and the impact of COVID-19, demonstrate the field’s adaptability to contemporary challenges. Future research should explore advanced technologies like AI and blockchain, global regulatory harmonization, and the long-term impacts of real earnings management. The study’s novelty lies in its integrative approach, providing a decade-spanning thematic analysis and bridging traditional concepts with modern challenges. This framework serves as a valuable resource for academics, practitioners, and policymakers addressing financial reporting complexities in a globalized economy.

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS IN MATARAM CITY: A DEA APPROACH (2021-2023)

2025-07-09T00:38:49+00:00

This study examines the efficiency of public health centers (PHCs) in Mataram City between 2021 and 2023 using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). An output-oriented Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) model was applied to 11 PHCs—five inpatient and six non-inpatient—to assess how efficiently they utilize inputs such as health workers, support staff, operational budgets, population served, and bed capacity to deliver outputs like outpatient visits, immunization coverage, family planning services, and inpatient admissions. Efficiency scores were calculated using DEAP 2.1 software. The findings reveal that several PHCs, including Cakranegara, Tanjung Karang, Ampenan, and Karang Taliwang, consistently achieved optimal efficiency (score: 1.000), while others, such as Selaparang and Karang Pule, showed room for improvement. These disparities indicate opportunities for targeted operational enhancements and better resource reallocation. The study provides actionable benchmarks for underperforming PHCs, supporting data-driven decisions and the implementation of performance-based budgeting, particularly in the context of public sector accountability and healthcare optimization.

FACTORS INFLUENCING INDONESIAN ACCOUNTING STUDENTS' PERCEPTION OF SAFE HAVEN INVESTMENTS

2025-06-06T11:46:16+00:00

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influence the perception of Accounting students in Indonesia towards safe haven investments in the context of global economic uncertainty due to the US-China trade war. Continued economic uncertainty encourages investors to seek hedging instruments, but the understanding of the younger generation as prospective financial practitioners towards safe havens is still limited. This explanatory quantitative study uses primary data from 168 accounting students through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the effect of financial knowledge level, investment experience, risk tolerance, and exposure to market information on safe haven perceptions. The results show that the level of financial knowledge has the most significant positive effect on safe haven perceptions, followed by investment experience and exposure to market information, which also have a positive impact. Conversely, risk tolerance has a significant adverse impact on safe haven perceptions. The research model explains 54.7% of the variance in safe haven perceptions with good predictive relevance. These findings imply the need to strengthen financial literacy and experiential learning in the accounting curriculum to prepare graduates with a comprehensive understanding of investment risk management in an era of global economic uncertainty.

ESTABLISHING ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTABILITY THROUGH PUBLIC ACCOUNTING IN THE SDGs AGENDA OF THE GOVERNMENT OF MAKASSAR CITY

2025-07-04T08:07:54+00:00

This study aims to explore the readiness of the Makassar City Government in building environmental accountability through implementing public sector accounting within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while addressing the gap in existing studies related to environmental accounting and the SDGs. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis of the 2021–2026 SDGs Regional Action Plan (RAD SDGs), and participatory observation. The findings reveal that although Makassar City has established a relatively well-structured SDGs planning framework and demonstrated initial commitment through budgeting and strategic programs, the budget allocation for environmental issues remains limited, approximately 3% compared to other sectors. This highlights a legitimacy gap between the city's green rhetoric and the actual implementation of fiscal policy. The lack of community and external stakeholder involvement hinders participatory and sustainable governance. This study recommends the integration of environmental accounting into public decision-making and strengthening substantive accountability principles to address transparency and legitimacy challenges in local SDG implementation.

THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL PRESSURE ON TAX AVOIDANCE WITH MODERATION OF CSR DISCLOSURE

2025-07-18T05:10:41+00:00

Taxes hold an important role as the main source of state revenue that contributes to national development. The decline in the ratio of tax revenue to Indonesia's GDP indicates the potential for tax avoidance practices. Therefore, this study is conducted to analyze the effect of financial pressure on tax avoidance, and the contribution of CSR disclosure as moderation. Financial pressure is measured through three indicators, namely financial targets, external pressures, and financial stability. The subject of study is companies in the energy and raw materials sectors listed on the IDX during 2020-2023. The study results show that financial targets have a significant positive effect on tax avoidance, while external pressure has a significant negative effect. In contrast, tax avoidance is not significantly affected by financial stability. Further findings prove if CSR disclosure is able to weaken the influence of financial targets and external pressures on tax avoidance, but CSR cannot moderate the influence of financial stability on tax avoidance. This study contributes to enriching the literature on tax avoidance and implies practically that the substantial application of CSR in business practices can help reduce tax avoidance and encourage companies to be more consistent in carrying out their social responsibilities.

INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF BAD DEBTS IN MICRO CREDIT PROGRAMS

2025-08-18T07:59:32+00:00

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of integrating technology-based internal control systems to minimise the risk of bad debts in micro credit programs. This study is a qualitative case study at Bank X, as it is one of the state-owned banks with the highest disbursement of micro credit loans in Indonesia. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, participatory observation, documentation, and literature review, which were analysed through the reduction stages, data display, and conclusion. The research results indicate that using technology in Bank X's monitoring and evaluation system has significantly impacted the effectiveness of managing the bad debt risk. Technology enables real-time monitoring processes, accelerates claim submissions and verifications, and enhances the accuracy of the data required for decision-making processes. Challenges in technology implementation include inter-institutional system integration and customer digital literacy issues. Continued efforts to strengthen the internal control system through digitalisation maintain the quality of credit disbursement and demonstrate readiness to address the risks inherent in national-scale productive financing programs. Further research could be conducted at multiple research sites to identify differences between entities that have implemented technology and those that have not. This study contributes to filling a gap in research that examines the practical integration of technology in bank internal control to lower the risk of bad debts.

THE IMPLICATION OF GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND GREEN INNOVATION TO ENHANCE SMES' PERFORMANCE

2025-08-08T09:27:28+00:00

This study looks into how starting businesses with eco-friendly ideas and creating new green technologies can affect the success of small and medium-sized enterprises. The research was conducted using quantitative and direct survey methods with a sample of 103 MSMEs. After evaluating model fit, hypothesis testing procedures were performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Throughout the study timeframe, the impact of green entrepreneurship on green innovation was significant. Nonetheless, no statistical correlation was found between green entrepreneurship and the performance of MSMEs. This research discovered that green entrepreneurship positively and significantly influences green innovation. Nevertheless, this effect did not affect the performance of MSME businesses. Numerous studies demonstrate that adopting sustainable business practices can enhance the performance of MSMEs. Conversely, the findings show a significant effect of green innovation on achieving MSMEs. The implications of this research are a reference for MSMEs. They can use this to improve their performance and have a competitive advantage.

BOARD GENDER, EDUCATION, AND SIZE: CAN THEY SUPPRESS TAX AVOIDANCE?

2025-08-08T09:31:45+00:00

The characteristics of the Board of Directors are crucial in shaping a company's strategic decisions, including tax-related policies. This research analyzes the effect of board size, directors' educational background, and gender diversity on tax avoidance. The energy sector is important because of its strategic contribution to the economy, and to explore how internal governance, particularly the board of directors, may influence tax avoidance practices within this industry. The study focuses on energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2017 to 2023, with the sample selected through purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed using a panel data regression approach to examine the relationships among the variables. The findings indicate that the gender diversity, educational background of directors, and board size do not significantly affect tax avoidance.

AUDIT QUALITY: THE ROLE OF AUDIT TENURE, AUDITOR SWITCHING, AUDIT COMMITTEE AND TIME BUDGET PRESSURE

2025-08-04T23:38:18+00:00

The credibility of a company’s financial reporting depends largely on the quality of the audit process. This research explores how factors such as audit tenure, auditor switching, audit committee, and time budget pressure affect audit quality among property and real estate firms publicly traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2019 and 2023. The research utilizes secondary data, comprising 250 observations selected through purposive sampling. The logistic regression model was conducted using EViews 10 as the primary statistical tool. These findings reveal that audit tenure positively influences audit quality, whereas auditor switching, audit committee, and time budget pressure do not have a significant effect. These results indicate that a longer auditor-client relationship enhances audit quality, as auditors gain a more comprehensive understanding of the client’s business and associated risks. These findings suggest that maintaining optimal audit tenure can support higher audit quality. It is recommended that management and regulatory authorities strike an appropriate balance between maintaining auditor familiarity and ensuring auditor independence and effective oversight.

SUSTAINABILITY ACCOUNTING IMPLEMENTATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: REFLECTION FROM UI GREENMETRIC RANKING

2025-08-29T02:51:33+00:00

This study aims to identify sustainability accounting practices in Indonesia's higher education institutions (HEIs) and develop future recommendations. This study analyses reports and data from Indonesian universities ranked in UI GreenMetric. The recommendations are based on the data analysis stages. The findings indicate that a relatively small number of HEIs have adopted sustainability accounting practices. The study results have highlighted significant issues about sustainability accounting in HEIs, and recommendations have been proposed for future implementation. The findings of this study can inform the future implementation of sustainability accounting at the university level, providing a helpful reference point for university management and relevant stakeholders. This study aims to offer a novel perspective on the potential integration of sustainability accounting practices, particularly within the context of HEIs. Ultimately, the study aims to position sustainability accounting as a central tool for HEIs to transition toward more sustainable, transparent, and accountable practices and transform into the sustainable university.

INDONESIAN BOND YIELDS: INFLATION, FED RATES, AND EXCHANGE RATE EFFECTS

2025-08-28T01:36:39+00:00

This research aims to analyze the effects of Indonesian inflation, the rise of the US Fed rate, and the exchange rate on the yield of Indonesian government bonds. This study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from reliable sources, such as the Bloomberg database, the official website of Bank Indonesia, and the official website of the Federal Reserve. The sample comprises 132 months of macroeconomic rates and prices, covering 10 years from 2012 to 2022. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and stationarity testing. While previous studies have analysed the effects of these factors on government bond prices, this study investigates explicitly their impact on government bond yield in Indonesia. The results show that inflation and the exchange rate positively affect the Indonesian government bond yield. However, the rise in the US Federal Reserve rate does not significantly drive changes in the Indonesian government bond yield.

AUDIT COMMITTEE MODERATION IN THE NEXUS BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND TAX AVOIDANCE: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN MULTINATIONAL FIRMS

2025-09-04T05:39:03+00:00

This study investigates the moderating role of the Audit Committee in the relationship between sustainability reporting and tax avoidance among Indonesian multinational corporations listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. Panel data were collected from annual reports, Osiris, and Bloomberg databases, with firm selection based on the availability and completeness of financial and ESG disclosures. The final sample comprises 66 multinational firms, yielding 277 firm-year observations, analyzed using panel regression with robust standard errors. The empirical findings reveal that higher levels of sustainability disclosure are significantly associated with greater tax avoidance, suggesting the presence of “sustainability washing,” where reporting serves symbolic rather than substantive purposes. Contrary to expectations, the Audit Committee does not significantly moderate this relationship. Only firm age exhibits a significant negative association with tax avoidance among the control variables, indicating that more mature firms prioritize long-term legitimacy over short-term tax benefits. Beyond its practical implications for regulators and policymakers, such as the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Directorate General of Taxes (DJP), who are urged to strengthen oversight and integrate tax accountability within ESG frameworks, this study also contributes theoretically to the ESG tax nexus literature. It extends legitimacy theory by demonstrating that sustainability disclosure, typically framed as legitimacy-enhancing, may paradoxically facilitate opportunistic strategies like tax avoidance in emerging market contexts. This duality underscores the importance of governance effectiveness in ensuring sustainability reporting translates into genuine fiscal transparency.

UNDERSTANDING TAX EVASION TENDENCIES: HOW MUCH DO BELIEFS MATTER?

2025-08-25T05:36:28+00:00

This study aims to examine the influence of Machiavellianism, Love of Money, Materialism, and Religiosity on tax evasion tendencies by applying Attribution Theory and Social Cognitive Theory to understand the process of individual justification and agency. This quantitative study uses primary data collected through a questionnaire survey distributed to individual taxpayers (WPOP) in the Greater Jakarta area (Jabodetabek). The sampling technique applied is purposive sampling, resulting in 197 valid respondents. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS. The results show that Machiavellianism and Love of Money have a positive and significant effect on tax evasion tendencies. Materialism has a negative and significant effect, while religiosity shows a positive and significant impact. These findings indicate that a combination of personality traits, financial motivation, and individual ideological perceptions influences tax evasion behavior. The practical implication of this research can serve as a reference for tax authorities in formulating more effective educational and supervisory strategies by considering taxpayers' psychological factors.

FACTORS INFLUENCING FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN REGENCY/CITY GOVERNMENTS IN SOUTH SUMATRA PROVINCE

2025-08-29T22:58:18+00:00

This research is principally intended to assess the impact of the Budgetary Solvency Ratio, Efficiency Ratio, and Growth Ratio on financial distress in district/city governments in South Sumatra Province. This analysis is motivated by the urgency of regional financial conditions to support the sustainability of public service delivery. A quantitative method is employed in this study, utilizing secondary data derived from regional government financial reports for 2019–2023. The study population included 17 district and city governments in South Sumatra Province, selected using a non-probability sampling technique. The methods of data analysis employed include descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption testing (normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity tests), and panel data regression analysis. The findings of this research reveal that the budgetary solvency ratio negatively and significantly influences financial distress; the efficiency ratio does not have a significant effect, while the growth ratio has a positive and significant impact on financial distress. A simultaneous analysis reveals that all three independent variables contribute meaningfully to variations in financial distress among local governments. This study contributes both theoretically and practically to the understanding of financial distress in local governments. Theoretically, it refines the application of financial distress theory by showing that the budgetary solvency ratio plays a more decisive role than efficiency and growth ratios in determining financial distress. Practically, the findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and local government leaders by highlighting the need to prioritize financial solvency, strengthen revenue growth capacity, and adopt balanced expenditure management.